Likely Sources for Part 1 of Scenes and Adventures in the Army held by the library of the Albany Young Men's Association

As listed in the 1837 Catalogue of Books in the Library of the Albany Young Men's Association:

1427 American State Papers, 8 vols.
1266 Buchanan's Sketches of Indians, 2 vols.
1112 British Poets, 12 vols.
1390 British Poets, 11 vols.
1001 CYCLOPAEDIA, Rees' 47 vols.
1584 Dragoon Campaigns
1002 ENCYCLOPAEDIA, Brewster's
115 Flint's Geography
1456 Hall's Travels in America
1152 Indian Wars [possibly Flint's Indian Wars of the West]
IRVING'S WORKS, 12 vols.
130 Sketch Book, 2 vols.
145 Long's Expedition, 2 vols.
1408 Military and Naval Magazine, 3 vols.
1141 Pike's Expedition
1394 Pike's Expedition
1448 Prairie, 2 vols.
1424 Robertson's America, 2 vols.
1559 Subaltern in America
1572 Subaltern's Furlough, 2 vols.
1307 Westward Ho! 2 vols. [James Kirke Paulding]
1389 Young Duke, 2 vols. [Benjamin Disraeli]

"Notes and Reminiscences of an Officer of the Army" by "F. R. D." (for First Regiment Dragoons, and supplanting "Leaves From My Notebook" by "Z.") appeared in the Army and Navy Chronicle, beginning in the June 18, 1840 issue, with most (not all!) of the material later published in 1842-3 as "Scenes and Adventures in the Army, Sketches of Indians, and Life Beyond the Border" in the Southern Literary Messenger.

American State Papers is a major source for this early material which I must investigate further.  Likewise the Military and Naval Magazine. In 1833 the Albany Argus touted "Indian Campaign of 1832," Henry Smith's article on the Black Hawk War.  Smith's article is an important source for the account of the Black Hawk War in Part I of Scenes and Adventures in the Army.

But wait a dang minute.  Can Disraeli's Young Duke really be a source for Scenes and Adventures in the Army?  Uh yeah:

But who shall do justice to the venison, roasted in bits on a stick with alternate pieces of salt pork? First, the pleasing toil of the hunt, and the triumph of success; then the labor-inspired appetite, after the long fast which excitement forgot; then the lively fire at night under majestic forest trees; and oh, climax, the pieces of venison, bitten with nature's weapons—not profaned with cold dull knife—and reeking hot, from the wooden spit! "Oh! let me die eating ortolans to the sound of soft music." Bah!

See, the line about ortolans was originally in the 1840 narrative of Notes and Reminiscences. But the quote from Disraeli's Young Duke was dropped in the June 1842 Scenes and Adventures, then added back for the 1857 book version (page 33).

Ortolan: The forbidden fruit

Oh I almost forgot:  Herman Melville joined the Albany Young Men's Association at the end of January 1835

"and for two years he enjoyed the use of its reading room and library of a thousand volumes." [Merton M. Sealts, Jr., Melville's Reading: A Supplementary List; and
Pursing Melville, page 39]

Herman's older brother Gansevoort Melville "was already flourishing as a member" of the Albany Young Men's Association, as Hershel Parker observes in Herman Melville: The Making of the Poet.